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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Pantanal. |
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Data corrente: |
03/09/1996 |
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Data da última atualização: |
04/04/2017 |
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Autoria: |
ROSS, D. J.; SPEIR, T. W.; KETTLES, H. A.; TATE, K. R.; MACKAY, A. D. |
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Título: |
Soil microbial biomass, C and N mineralization, and enzyme activities in a hill pasture: influence of grazing management. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1995 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Australian Journal of Soil Research, v.33, n.6, p.943-959, 1995. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Grazing and fertilizer management practices are of prime importance for maintaning summer moist hill pasture of introduced grasses and clovers in New Zealand for sheep and cattle production. The influence of withholding grazing ( a pastoral fallow) from spring to late summer on microbial biomass. C and N mineralization, and enzyme activities was investigated in a Typic Dystrochrept soil from unfertilized (rock phosphate and elemental S) low-fertility pastures at a temperate hill site. The fallow increased pasture but not legume growth in the following year in the unfertilized treatment, but had no effect on pasture or legume growth in fetilized plots. High background levels of thje biochemical properties and very variable rates of N mineralization, complicated data interpretation. Extractable-C concentration and CO2-C production were enhanced at the completion of the fallow. Increases in net N mineralization (14-56 days incubation), following initial immobilization, after the fallow were clearly indicated in the underfertilized treatment, but were less distinct in the fertilized treatment. The fallow had no detectable influence on the concentratioins of total C and N or microbial C and P or on inverse, phosphodiesterase and sulfatase activities. Some small changes in microbial N and an increased proportion of bacteria in the microbial population were, however, suggested. Results are consistent with the concept of fallowing giving a short-term increase in pools of readily decomposable soil organic matter. Generally, the changes that did occur in these soil biochemical properties are, with the partial exception of increased N availability, unlikely to have had any pronounced impact on subsequent pasture performance. MenosGrazing and fertilizer management practices are of prime importance for maintaning summer moist hill pasture of introduced grasses and clovers in New Zealand for sheep and cattle production. The influence of withholding grazing ( a pastoral fallow) from spring to late summer on microbial biomass. C and N mineralization, and enzyme activities was investigated in a Typic Dystrochrept soil from unfertilized (rock phosphate and elemental S) low-fertility pastures at a temperate hill site. The fallow increased pasture but not legume growth in the following year in the unfertilized treatment, but had no effect on pasture or legume growth in fetilized plots. High background levels of thje biochemical properties and very variable rates of N mineralization, complicated data interpretation. Extractable-C concentration and CO2-C production were enhanced at the completion of the fallow. Increases in net N mineralization (14-56 days incubation), following initial immobilization, after the fallow were clearly indicated in the underfertilized treatment, but were less distinct in the fertilized treatment. The fallow had no detectable influence on the concentratioins of total C and N or microbial C and P or on inverse, phosphodiesterase and sulfatase activities. Some small changes in microbial N and an increased proportion of bacteria in the microbial population were, however, suggested. Results are consistent with the concept of fallowing giving a short-term increase in pools of readily dec... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Ciclo de nutriente; Hill pasture; Nutrient cycling; Pasto de colina. |
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Thesagro: |
Biomassa; Solo. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
biomass; fallow; soil. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
null
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Pantanal (CPAP) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Instrumentação. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpdia.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Instrumentação. |
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Data corrente: |
24/11/2022 |
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Data da última atualização: |
13/01/2023 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
B - 1 |
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Autoria: |
CRESTANA, S.; CRUVINEL, P. E. |
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Afiliação: |
SILVIO CRESTANA, CNPDIA; PAULO ESTEVAO CRUVINEL, CNPDIA. |
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Título: |
Developing spectroscopic and imaging techniques for advanced studies in soil physics based on results obtained at Embrapa Instrumentation. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2022 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Brazilian Journal of Physics, v. 52, e200, 2022. |
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Páginas: |
1 - 17 |
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ISSN: |
1678-4448 |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-022-01202-8 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Correction to: Brazilian Journal of Physics, v. 53, 17, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-022-01226-0 |
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Conteúdo: |
The development of techniques based on computed tomography, X- or gamma-ray transmission or scattering, magnetic resonance imaging, particle-induced X-ray emission, and neutron activation analysis has enabled advanced research in the characterization of agricultural soil samples, both in laboratories and the crop environment. This paper discusses the pioneering work of Embrapa Instrumentation regarding the customization of these techniques to solve the problems encountered in the feld of soil physics. This work has led to new insights into the management processes for food production. The studies include the modeling and evaluation of spatial and temporal variability of agricultural soil bulk density and water content measures, the distribution of macro- and micropores, the evaluation of expansive and collapsible soils, root development, fuid phase change, models based on multifractals, cellular automata and invasion percolation theory, and the elemental analysis of macro- and micronutrients, such as heavy metals. Such studies have improved agricultural management techniques and are useful to rationalize inputs and minimize the environmental impacts resulting from possible anthropization processes in the use of natural resources. In addition, the potential opportunities for the continued use of the spectroscopic and imaging techniques in soil science are described |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Computational modeling; Magnetic resonance; Radiation-matter interaction; X-ray tomography. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
null
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Instrumentação (CNPDIA) |
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